GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -Enrico Fermi created the world’s first nuclear reactor. He proposed that four fermions directly interact with one another at one vertex. This interaction explains the beta decay by direct coupling of a neutron with an electron, a neutrino (later determined to be an antineutrino), and a proton.

Detailed explanation-2: -This form of radioactive decay was discovered by Sir Ernest Rutherford in 1899, although the neutrino was not observed until the 1960s. Beta particles have all the characteristics of electrons. At the time of their emission, they travel at nearly the speed of light.

Detailed explanation-3: -They chose the inverse beta decay on protons to detect the free neutrino. The detection principle was a coincident measurement of the 511 keV photons associated with positron annihilation and a neutron capture reaction a few microseconds later.

Detailed explanation-4: -In particle physics, Fermi’s interaction (also the Fermi theory of beta decay or the Fermi four-fermion interaction) is an explanation of the beta decay, proposed by Enrico Fermi in 1933. The theory posits four fermions directly interacting with one another (at one vertex of the associated Feynman diagram).

Detailed explanation-5: -In quantum field theory, fermions are described by anticommuting spinor fields. A four-fermion interaction describes a local interaction between four fermionic fields at a point. Local here means that it all happens at the same spacetime point. This might be an effective field theory or it might be fundamental.