GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -Vitamin K deficiency decreases levels of prothrombin and other vitamin K–dependent coagulation factors, causing defective coagulation and, potentially, bleeding. Worldwide, vitamin K deficiency causes infant morbidity and mortality.

Detailed explanation-2: -Vitamin K helps to make various proteins that are needed for blood clotting and the building of bones. Prothrombin is a vitamin K-dependent protein directly involved with blood clotting. Osteocalcin is another protein that requires vitamin K to produce healthy bone tissue.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vitamin K deficiency, resulting in the formation of abnormal prothrombin (deficient in gamma-carboxyglutamic acid), is quite common in patients with IBD.

Detailed explanation-4: -Vitamin K deficiency can contribute to significant bleeding, poor bone development, osteoporosis, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB) in newborns can be separated into three categories based on the timing of the presentation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Vitamin k helps in the synthesis of prothrombin in liver, which is a protein required for blood clotting and bone metabolism.