GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -Firstly, Beccaria opposes the death penalty on moral grounds. Laws are made legitimate by people’s consent; however, Beccaria believed no man would rationally sacrifice his right to life.

Detailed explanation-2: -Beccaria emphasized individual dignity within the criminal justice system. He stood against the use of torture and capital punishment. The ideas presented in his 1765 treatise had great influence upon major political documents of the era, not the least of which was the U.S. Constitution.

Detailed explanation-3: -Philosophic defenses of the death penalty, like that of Immanuel Kant, opposed reformers and others, who, like Beccaria, argued for abolition of capital punishment.