IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Live attenuated vaccines are made up of a living virus or bacteria that has been modified through a process to weaken (attenuate) and reduce its virulence (disease-inducing ability). These wild viruses or bacteria are attenuated in a laboratory, usually by repeated culturing.

Detailed explanation-2: -The live, attenuated viral vaccines currently available and routinely recommended in the United States are MMR, varicella, rotavirus, and influenza (intranasal). Other non-routinely recommended live vaccines include adenovirus vaccine (used by the military), typhoid vaccine (Ty21a), and Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG).

Detailed explanation-3: -An attenuated vaccine consists of live, whole bacterial cells or viral particles that are treated in such a way that they have reduced virulence within the host but retain their ability to provoke an immune response.

Detailed explanation-4: -Live attenuated vaccines contain whole bacteria or viruses which have been “weakened”(attenuated) so that they create a protective immune response but do not cause disease in healthy people.