IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cytotoxic CD8 T cells carry out their killing function by releasing two types of preformed cytotoxic protein: the granzymes, which seem able to induce apoptosis in any type of target cell, and the pore-forming protein perforin, which punches holes in the target-cell membrane through which the granzymes can enter.

Detailed explanation-2: -The granzymes (granule enzymes) are a family of highly homologous serine proteases contained in cytotoxic granules of innate and adaptive immune killer cells. Their major job is to induce cell death to eliminate viruses and tumor cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Apoptosis is mediated by proteolytic enzymes called caspases, which trigger cell death by cleaving specific proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus.