IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) is the most common carrier protein used for recombinant protein reconstitution. However, if working with bovine recombinant protein, use a non-bovine carrier protein such as Equine Serum Albumin (ESA).

Detailed explanation-2: -Albumin functions primarily as a carrier protein for steroids, fatty acids, and thyroid hormones in the blood and plays a major role in stabilizing extracellular fluid volume by contributing to oncotic pressure (known also as colloid osmotic pressure) of plasma.

Detailed explanation-3: -BSA is a globular non-glycosylated protein, one of the few plasma proteins lacking carbohydrate groups, as it is synthesized in the liver without prosthetic groups or other additives.