IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Immunity that is present at birth and lasts a person’s entire life. Innate immunity is the first response of the body’s immune system to a harmful foreign substance. When foreign substances, such as bacteria or viruses, enter the body, certain cells in the immune system can quickly respond and try to destroy them.

Detailed explanation-2: -The innate immune system can be categorized into three defense mechanisms: (1) physical barriers, (2) cellular components, and (3) humoral responses (15). As will be discussed, the functions of these defense mechanisms are highly conserved between fish and mammals.

Detailed explanation-3: -Note:Immunity present by birth is called innate immunity, it is of four types; physical, physiological, cellular and cytokine. This type of immunity is not as strong as acquired immunity.