IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -These molecules are therefore present in the periplasm, the region between the cytoplasmic and outer membranes. The periplasm contains the peptidoglycan layer and many proteins responsible for substrate binding or hydrolysis and reception of extracellular signals.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cytoplasm or protoplasm of a bacterial cell is a gel like matrix composed of 80% water, enzymes, nutrients, wastes, gases, inorganic ions, and many low molecular weight compounds and cell structures such as ribosomes, chromosomes (nucleoid), and plasmids.

Detailed explanation-3: -The bacterial genome is composed of a single molecule of chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA and is located in a region of the bacterial cytoplasm visible when viewed with an electron microscope called the nucleoid.

Detailed explanation-4: -Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, have a free-floating chromosome that is usually circular and is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane. Instead, the DNA simply exists in a region of the cell called the nucleoid.