IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Some of the fungi most frequently isolated from fermented and cured meat products such as Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium nalgiovense are known penicillin producers; the latter has been shown to be able to produce penicillin when growing on the surface of meat products and secrete it to the medium.

Detailed explanation-2: -Pencillium notatum and Cephalosporium acremonium are two species of fungus, which are used in the production of the antibiotics.

Detailed explanation-3: -From 1945–1955 the development of penicillin, which is produced by a fungus, along with streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, which are produced by soil bacteria, ushered in the antibiotic age (Figure 1).

Detailed explanation-4: -Fungi naturally produce antibiotics to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria, limiting their competition in the natural environment. Important antibiotics, such as penicillin and the cephalosporins, can be isolated from fungi.