IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -At this time Chaim Weizmann became involved in the development of this process. He isolated a new bacterial culture, readily fermenting starchy material into acetone and butanol. Clostridium acetobutylicum was the main species in this culture.

Detailed explanation-2: -Butanol production is one of the oldest fermentation processes (acetone–butanol–ethanol; ABE, or AB, or solvents) employed for commercial production of a chemical to benefit mankind. Production of butanol was discovered by Pasteur in 1861.

Detailed explanation-3: -It usually uses a strain of bacteria from the Class Clostridia (Family Clostridiaceae). Clostridium acetobutylicum is the most well-studied and widely used.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Weizmann process was developed at the beginning of the 20th century for the biological conversion of corn into acetone and n-butanol by Clostridium acetobutylicum1, 2, 3. It was the second largest fermentation process (after ethanol) of enormous industrial, social and historical importance1, 2, 3.

Detailed explanation-5: -Acetone carboxylation (Acx) was initially characterized in the aerobic acetone-degrading alphaproteobacterium Xanthobacter autotrophicus and in the anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus (1–3, 21–23).

Detailed explanation-6: -In 1916 Russian-born Chemist Chaim Weizmann isolated the Clostridium acetobutylicum strain as a basis for the first industrial Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) fermentation.

Detailed explanation-7: -Clostridium acetobutylicum, ATCC 824, is a commercially valuable bacterium sometimes called the “Weizmann Organism", after Jewish Russian-born biochemist Chaim Weizmann.