IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Active immunity can be acquired through natural immunity or vaccine-induced immunity. Natural immunity is acquired from exposure to the disease organism through infection with the actual disease.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are two examples of passive naturally acquired immunity: The placental transfer of IgG from mother to fetus during pregnancy that generally lasts 4 to 6 months after birth; and The IgA and IgG found in human colostrum and milk of babies who are nursed.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vaccines provide active immunity to disease. Vaccines do not make you sick, but they can trick your body into believing it has a disease, so it can fight the disease.

Detailed explanation-4: -Active artificially acquired immunity refers to any immunization with an antigen. During artificially acquired active immunity, one is immunized with one or more of the following: attenuated microbes, killed organisms, fragmented microorganisms, or antigens produced by recombinant DNA technology, or toxoids.

Detailed explanation-5: -Types of immunity: Active natural: Body produces antibodies in response to exposure to a live pathogen. Active artificial: Body produces antibodies in response to a vaccine. Passive natural: Antibodies are passed from the mom to her baby through the placenta and breastmilk.

Detailed explanation-6: -Acquired immunity is also called specific immunity because it tailors its attack to a specific antigen previously encountered.

Detailed explanation-7: -Active immunity occurs when our own immune system is responsible for protecting us from a pathogen. Passive immunity occurs when we are protected from a pathogen by immunity gained from someone else. 22-Apr-2019