IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Neutrophils provide the first line of defense of the innate immune system by phagocytosing, killing, and digesting bacteria and fungi.

Detailed explanation-2: -Phagocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) are immune cells that play a critical role in both the early and late stages of immune responses. Their main role is to circulate and migrate through tissues to ingest and destroy both microbes and cellular debris.

Detailed explanation-3: -Neutrophils. Neutrophils are a type of PMN granulocyte normally found in the bloodstream. They are the most abundant type of phagocyte and the first responder during inflammation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell in humans and arise from granulocytes. They are also phagocytic in nature, and Metchnikoff called neutrophils the “archetypal phagocyte”. Neutrophils are the first immune cells to be recruited, which can be through the cytokines produced by macrophages.

Detailed explanation-5: -Neutrophils mainly kill pathogens through phagocytosis, a process in which bacteria are engulfed into intracellular vesicles called phagosomes. The phagosomes then mature into lytic vesicles: they become filled with antimicrobial substances stored into cytoplasmic granules and with toxic reactive oxygen species.

Detailed explanation-6: -Neutrophils, the most common type of white blood cell in the bloodstream, are among the first immune cells to defend against infection. They are phagocytes, which ingest bacteria and other foreign cells. Neutrophils contain granules that release enzymes to help kill and digest these cells.

Detailed explanation-7: -Neutrophils engulf and kill bacteria when their antimicrobial granules fuse with the phagosome. Here, we describe that, upon activation, neutrophils release granule proteins and chromatin that together form extracellular fibers that bind Gram-positive and-negative bacteria.