IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress immune response, thereby maintaining homeostasis and self-tolerance. It has been shown that Tregs are able to inhibit T cell proliferation and cytokine production and play a critical role in preventing autoimmunity.

Detailed explanation-2: -The adaptive immune response in B cells, Helper T cells and Cytotoxic T cells involved four phases: encounter, activation, attack, and memory.

Detailed explanation-3: -The CD4 receptor interacts with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. MHC class II molecules sense when there’s an infection or foreign substance in your body. The CD4 receptor and MHC class II molecules activate the helper T-cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Chemokines. Chemokines are involved in the recruitment of lymphocytes. The expression and secretion of these chemokines by the tissue or the endothelium has been shown to have an effect on specific T cell recruitment.

Detailed explanation-5: -Effector Cells. Depending on the APC a naïve cell comes across it can become an effector T cell. Cytotoxic T Cells. Cytotoxic T Cells, also known as CD8+ cells, have the primary job to kill toxic/target cells. Helper T Cells. Regulatory T Cells. Memory T Cells. Applications.