IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Immunity to a disease is achieved through the presence of antibodies to that disease in a person’s system. Antibodies are proteins produced by the body to neutralize or destroy toxins or disease-carrying organisms. Antibodies are disease-specific.

Detailed explanation-2: -Immunity is the ability of the body to defend itself against specific invading agents such as bacteria, toxins, viruses and foreign tissues. Substances that are recognised as foreign and provoke an immune response are called antigens.

Detailed explanation-3: -Immunity means com-plete resistance to disease; immune means not subject to attack by a path-ogenic organism or virus.

Detailed explanation-4: -Disease resistance is the ability to prevent or reduce the presence of diseases in otherwise susceptible hosts. It can arise from genetic or environmental factors, such as incomplete penetrance. Disease tolerance is different as it is the ability of a host to limit the impact of disease on host health.

Detailed explanation-5: -Types of immunity: Active natural: Body produces antibodies in response to exposure to a live pathogen. Active artificial: Body produces antibodies in response to a vaccine. Passive natural: Antibodies are passed from the mom to her baby through the placenta and breastmilk.

Detailed explanation-6: -There are two types of immunity: innate and adaptive.