IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system. (The immune system fights infections and diseases in a person’s body.) Over time, HIV weakens a person’s immune system so it has a very hard time fighting diseases. HIV causes AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).

Detailed explanation-2: -HIV binds to the CD4 molecule on the surface of helper T-cells and replicates within them. This results in destruction of CD4+ T-cells and leads to a steady decline in this population of T-cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system. If HIV is not treated, it can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).

Detailed explanation-4: -HIV infects and deletes CD4+ T cells that normally coordinate the adaptive T-and B-cell response to defend against intracellular pathogens.

Detailed explanation-5: -The virus was at first named HTLV-III/LAV (human T-cell lymphotropic virus-type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus) by an international scientific committee. This name was later changed to HIV (human immunodeficiency virus).

Detailed explanation-6: -HIV destroys CD4 cells (also called T cells or helper cells), which are critical to the immune system. CD4 cells are responsible for keeping people healthy and protecting them from common diseases and infections. As HIV gradually weakens the body’s natural defenses, signs and symptoms will occur.