IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cuts, grazes, and other breaks in the skin can become infected when bacteria enter the wound and begin to multiply. The bacteria may come from the surrounding skin, the external environment, or the object that caused the injury. It is important to clean and protect the wound properly to reduce the risk of infection.

Detailed explanation-2: -The most common causative organisms associated with wound infections include Staphylococcus aureus/MRSA, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Detailed explanation-3: -Patient risk factors for wound infection include advanced age, malnutrition, hypovolemia, obesity, steroid use, diabetes, use of immunosuppressive agents, smoking, and coexistent infection at a remote site.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cuts are usually caused by a sharp object like a knife or glass, or even a sheet of paper. Lacerations are a deep cut or tear of the skin-they usually have irregular jagged edges. Grazes (also known as abrasions) are superficial (surface) injuries where the upper skin layer is damaged by friction.