IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lysozyme is found in human tears due to which bacteria die. It is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals that form part of the innate immune system.

Detailed explanation-2: -Lysozyme is an enzyme that breaks down bacterial cell walls and provides protection against bacterial invasion in the skin, mucus membrane and many body fluids. It is found in tears, sweat and saliva.

Detailed explanation-3: -Lysozyme was shown to be present in human tears and to kill Gram-positive bacteria by Alexander Fleming (Fleming, 1922).

Detailed explanation-4: -The antibacterial action of lysozyme is particularly efficient against Gram-positive bacteria because of its ability to hydrolyze the -1, 4-glycosidic bond present in the polysaccharide layer of these bacteria cell walls.

Detailed explanation-5: -A. Lysozyme present in saliva and tears kills viruses by destroying their cell walls.

Detailed explanation-6: -Lysozyme is the enzyme that is found in the secretions (tears and saliva) of animals. It is also present in our nasal mucus. Lysozyme acts as a first line of defense as it is capable of breaking the chemical bonds in the outer cell wall of the bacteria that try to enter our body.

Detailed explanation-7: -Lysozyme is abundant in secretions including tears, saliva, human milk, and mucus. It is also present in cytoplasmic granules of the macrophages and the polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Large amounts of lysozyme can be found in egg white.