IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lymphopenia (also called lymphocytopenia) is a disorder in which your blood doesn’t have enough white blood cells called lymphocytes. Lymphocytes play a protective role in your immune system. There are three types of lymphocytes. All lymphocytes help protect you from infection, but they have different functions.

Detailed explanation-2: -Lymphocytopenia happens when your body doesn’t have enough lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that helps defend your body from viruses, cancer and other intruders. Lymphocytopenia is linked to many different diseases and conditions. Healthcare providers treat this condition by treating the underlying cause.

Detailed explanation-3: -Drastically reduced numbers of lymphocytes lead to repeated infections with bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites and the symptoms of those infections, which vary widely according to the site of infection and the specific microorganism.

Detailed explanation-4: -Lymphocytopenia is most often due to AIDS, and recently COVID-19, or undernutrition, but it also may be inherited or caused by various infections, drugs, or autoimmune disorders. Patients have recurrent viral, fungal, or parasitic infections. Lymphocyte subpopulations and immunoglobulin levels should be measured.

Detailed explanation-5: -Lymphocytosis refers to an increase of peripheral blood lymphocytes, which for adults corresponds to >4000 lymphocytes/microL in most clinical laboratories. Lymphocytopenia refers to a decrease of peripheral blood lymphocytes, which generally corresponds to <1000 lymphocytes/microL in adults.