OVERVIEW OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
LYMPHATIC AND IMMUNE SYSTEM
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Effector Cells
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Memory Cells
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Natural Killer Cells
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None of These
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Detailed explanation-1: -B lymphocytes are the cells of the immune system that make antibodies to invading pathogens like viruses. They form memory cells that remember the same pathogen for faster antibody production in future infections.
Detailed explanation-2: -Types and functions of lymphocytes Most lymphocytes are short-lived, with an average life span of a week to a few months, but a few live for years, providing a pool of long-lived T and B cells. These cells account for immunologic “memory, ‘’ a more rapid, vigorous response to a second encounter with the same antigen.
Detailed explanation-3: -Instead, memory B cells are defined as long-lived and quiescent cells that are poised to quickly respond to antigen upon recall (2–5). Both memory B cells and antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) are the product of antigen activation and, most often, interaction with cognate T helper cells.
Detailed explanation-4: -The cellular basis for enduring antibody-mediated immunity is long-lived memory B cells and plasma cells (PCs). Both of these cell populations acquire longevity as a result of antigen-specific, CD40–dependent, cognate interactions with helper T cells within germinal centers (GCs).
Detailed explanation-5: -The lifespan of a human memory T cell is of the order of 30–160 days [12, 13, 15, 16], in contrast to the typical half-life of human T cell memory of 8–15 years [1, 4, 5]. Longevity thus does not seem to be an intrinsic characteristic of circulating memory T cells.
Detailed explanation-6: -Lymphocytes are produced in response to the specific antigens on a pathogen. After the pathogen is removed some of the lymphocytes continue to remain in the immune system. These are called memory cells.
Detailed explanation-7: -It is now well accepted that plasma cells can become long-lived (memory) plasma cells and secrete antibodies for months, years or a lifetime. However, the mechanisms involved in this process of humoral memory, which is crucial for both protective immunity and autoimmunity, still are not fully understood.