IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -People can become immune to measles in two ways. Natural immunity: those who got sick with measles earlier in life will be immune afterward, and they won’t get it again. Vaccine-based immunity: 97/100 people who have been vaccinated with 2 doses of measles vaccine have long-term immunity to measles.

Detailed explanation-2: -Passive Immunization. Passive immunity to measles can be acquired through physiologic transfer of maternal measles antibodies from mother to child or by administration of immunoglobulin preparations containing measles antibodies to persons at risk of measles.

Detailed explanation-3: -Active Immunity-antibodies that develop in a person’s own immune system after the body is exposed to an antigen through a disease or when you get an immunization (i.e. a flu shot). This type of immunity lasts for a long time.

Detailed explanation-4: -Artificial active immunity refers to immunity produced by intentional exposure of a person to antigens to produce antibodies and memory cells. For example, the administration of vaccination often leads to artificial active immunity.

Detailed explanation-5: -Vaccines contribute to active immunity by providing us with a controlled way to create an immune response. When a vaccine is introduced, our immune system treats it like any other exposure. It works to stop the “assault” and, in the process, immunologic memory develops.

Detailed explanation-6: -A newborn baby acquires passive immunity from its mother through the placenta. People can also get passive immunity through antibody-containing blood products such as immune globulin, which may be given when immediate protection from a specific disease is needed.