IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The last enzyme in the coagulation cascade is thrombin, with the function of cleaving fibrinogen to fibrin, which forms the fibrin clot of a haemostatic plug. Although thrombin primarily converts fibrinogen to fibrin, it also has many other positive regulatory effects on coagulation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Thrombin is the principal clotting factor and maintains the balance between bleeding and thrombosis. It is at the centre of a complex series of molecular events that result in a blood clot.

Detailed explanation-3: -Thrombin not only cleaves fibrinogen to fibrin, but also through the activation of factor XIII effects the cross-linking of fibrin monomers to produce a firm fibrin clot.

Detailed explanation-4: -Platelets (a type of blood cell) and proteins in your plasma (the liquid part of blood) work together to stop the bleeding by forming a clot over the injury.

Detailed explanation-5: -Fibrinogen is a soluble macromolecule, but forms an insoluble clot or gel on conversion to fibrin by the action of the serine protease thrombin, which is activated by a cascade of enzymatic reactions triggered by vessel wall injury, activated blood cells, or a foreign surface (Fig.