IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lymph nodes vary in size. Some are as small as a pinhead, and others are about the size of a baked bean. The number of lymph nodes in the body differs from person to person.

Detailed explanation-2: -A normal lymph node is ovoid in shape, hypoechoic to the adjacent muscle and frequently contains an echogenic fatty hilum (Fig. 1a). The hilum is a linear, echogenic, non-shadowing structure that contains the nodal vessels and it appears continuous with the fat around the node.

Detailed explanation-3: -Lymph nodes are small oval clumps of lymphatic tissue found at intervals along the lymphatic vessels. They are grouped like ‘beads on a string’ both deep in the body and near the surface (see Diagram 1). These lymph nodes filter out harmful organisms and cells from the lymph before it is returned to the blood stream.

Detailed explanation-4: -Shape, border, echogenicity, echogenic hilus On grey scale ultrasound, lymphomatous nodes tend to be round in shape, well-defined, appear hypoechoic and are usually without an echogenic hilus29, , , , features which are similar to most metastatic lymph nodes.

Detailed explanation-5: -lymph node: Small oval bodies of the lymphatic system that act as filters, with an internal honeycomb of connective tissue filled with lymphocytes and macrophages that collect and destroy bacteria, viruses, and foreign matter from lymph.

Detailed explanation-6: -Normal nodes are usually less than ½ inch (12 mm) across. This is the size of a pea or baked bean.