IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lymphatic vessels: Lymphatic vessels are the network of capillaries (microvessels) and a large network of tubes located throughout your body that transport lymph away from tissues. Lymphatic vessels collect and filter lymph (at the nodes) as it continues to move toward larger vessels called collecting ducts.

Detailed explanation-2: -Lymph nodes serve as a filter and function to monitor lymphatic fluid/blood composition, drain excess tissue fluid and leaked plasma proteins, engulf pathogens, augment an immune response, and eradicate infection.

Detailed explanation-3: -Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that help filter unwanted substances from lymph. They contain a high concentration of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that proliferates in the lymphatic system to combat pathogens.

Detailed explanation-4: -Filtration at lymph nodes. In addition, lymph nodes also mechanically filter the lymph. The blood–lymph barrier within the nodes allows passage of protein-free fluid according to the Starling forces.

Detailed explanation-5: -Lymph enters the node (arrow) through afferent lymphatic vessel(s) (Af). It then moves to subcapsular sinus (SCS), which can then go to either B cell follicles (BF) and T cell cortex (TC) through central path, or directly to medullary sinuses (MS) through peripheral path.