IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -There are two broad classes of such responses-antibody responses and cell-mediated immune responses, and they are carried out by different classes of lymphocytes, called B cells and T cells, respectively. In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins called immunoglobulins.

Detailed explanation-2: -Antibody-mediated immunity involves the activation of B cells and secretion of antibodies when in contact with a pathogen. When exposed to the chemicals released by activated helper T cells, a sensitized B cell divides, producing daughter cells that differentiate into memory B cells and plasma cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -B cells activate humoral immunity, whereas T cells activate cell-mediated immunity. The major difference between humoral and cell-mediated immunity is that humoral immunity produces antigen-specific antibodies, whereas cell-mediated immunity does not.

Detailed explanation-4: -Humoral immunity is also called antibody-mediated immunity. With assistance from helper T cells, B cells will differentiate into plasma B cells that can produce antibodies against a specific antigen.