IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Skin color is mainly determined by a pigment called melanin. Melanin is produced by melanocytes through a process called melanogenesis. The difference in skin color between lightly and darkly pigmented individuals is due to their level of melanocyte activity; it is not due to the number of melanocytes in their skin.

Detailed explanation-2: -Skin color is determined by a pigment (melanin) made by specialized cells in the skin (melanocytes). The amount and type of melanin determines a person’s skin color.

Detailed explanation-3: -According to Bhanusali, the shade that eventually develops is dictated by the ratios of two types of melanin: eumelanin, which manifests as brown and black pigment, and pheomelanin, which appears as red and yellow.

Detailed explanation-4: -Melanin has a photo-screening, a biophysical/biochemical and a cosmetic effect. Melanin content of cultured pigmented cells can be measured by spectrophotometry and expressed either as melanin content per cell or melanin content per culture (area).