IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Immunoglobulins (Igs) are antigen-binding proteins produced by B cells. Igs contain two identical heavy (H) chains and two identical light (L) chains. Each H chain associates with an L chain to form an antigen-binding site so that each Ig is bivalent.

Detailed explanation-2: -The antigen-recognition molecules of B cells are the immunoglobulins, or Ig. These proteins are produced by B cells in a vast range of antigen specificities, each B cell producing immunoglobulin of a single specificity (see Sections 1-8 to 1-10).

Detailed explanation-3: -An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large protein produced by B-cells that is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects, such as bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique part of the foreign target, called an antigen.

Detailed explanation-4: -The antibody binds to specific antigens. This signals the other cells of the immune system to get rid of the invading microbes. The strength of binding between the antibody and an antigen at a single binding site is known as the antibody’s affinity for the antigen.