IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Antigens prepared in such a way that injected or taken orally they induce active immunity without causing disease. A noncellular infectious agent that can replicate only within a host cell. viruses consist only of one or more pieces of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat.

Detailed explanation-2: -Active Immunity Vaccine-induced immunity is acquired through the introduction of a killed or weakened form of the disease organism through vaccination.

Detailed explanation-3: -Immunisation is the process where a person is made resistant to an infectious disease. This is done by administration of a vaccine. These vaccines stimulate body’s own immune system to protect the person against future infection or disease.

Detailed explanation-4: -Antigens must be prepared and delivered in a form and manner that maximizes production of a specific immune response by the animal. This is called immunogen preparation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Antigens are proteins that are foreign to the human. When part of a vaccine, they are capable of sparking the immune system to develop antibodies against it. With RNA vaccine technology, the antigenic protein is not used in the vaccine to create an immune response.

Detailed explanation-6: -Protein-based antigens hold particular importance within this structural approach to understanding immunity because, though different molecules can serve as antigens, only proteins are capable of inducing both cellular and humoral immunity.