OVERVIEW OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
THE GOOD BAD AND UGLY OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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histamine
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complement
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lysozyme
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defensin
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Detailed explanation-1: -Activated complement proteins serve as chemotactic factors for neutrophils, increase vascular permeability, and stimulate the release of histamine from mast cells.
Detailed explanation-2: -Mast cells release mediators that increase both leukocyte adhesion to the venular endothelium and vascular permeability during reperfusion (47).
Detailed explanation-3: -Increased vascular permeability can result from physical stimulation of, or the binding of agonists to, receptors on the surface of ECs. Upon activation, these receptors initiate the production of a variety of signaling molecules, including kinases, phosphatases, GTPases, and other second messengers.
Detailed explanation-4: -Histamine affects the maturation of immune system cells and alters their activation, polarization, chemotaxis, and effector functions. Histamine also regulates antigen-specific TH1 and TH2 cells, as well as related antibody isotype responses.
Detailed explanation-5: -Injured tissue mast cells release histamine, causing the surrounding blood vessels to dilate and increase in permeability.