IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -These can include: Direct contact: Coming into contact with the saliva, blood, urine, mucous, feces, or other body fluids of an infected animal. Examples include petting or touching animals, and bites or scratches.

Detailed explanation-2: -Pathogens transmitted through the environment may survive from hours to years outside the host, depending on the organism and the environment. Pathogens may exit a host in respiratory secretions from the nose and mouth, or be shed on dead skin or in feces, urine, saliva or tears.

Detailed explanation-3: -Companion animals can cause infectious diseases by several means of transmission such as by direct contact, bites scratches, incidentally by fecal-oral route, and indirectly by vectors, i.e., fleas, ticks, sandflies, and mosquitoes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nose, mouth, or eyes to hands to others: Germs can spread to the hands by sneezing, coughing, or rubbing the eyes and then can be transferred to other family members or friends. Hands to food: Food to hands to food: Infected child to hands to other children: Animals to people: 04-Oct-2022

Detailed explanation-5: -Direct contact. Coming into contact with the saliva, blood, urine, mucous, faeces, or other body fluids of an infected animal. Indirect contact. Coming into contact with areas where animals live and roam, or objects or surfaces that have been contaminated with germs. Vector-borne. Foodborne. Waterborne. 03-Feb-2022