OVERVIEW OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
THE GOOD BAD AND UGLY OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The variable regions of light chain and heavy chain
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The constant region
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The variable region on the light chain only
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The macrophages
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Detailed explanation-1: -Each of the four chains has a variable (V) region at its amino terminus, which contributes to the antigen-binding site, and a constant (C) region, which determines the isotype. The isotype of the heavy chain determines the functional properties of the antibody.
Detailed explanation-2: -An antibody generally recognizes only a small region on the surface of a large molecule such as a polysaccharide or protein. The structure recognized by an antibody is called an antigenic determinant or epitope.
Detailed explanation-3: -The primary role of the antibody variable region is to bind to the target antigen. Two important antigen-binding properties are the affinity and the specificity, and engineering these properties has been extensively studied in the past two decades (Table 1).