IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cytotoxic T cells kill target cells bearing specific antigen while sparing neighboring uninfected cells. All the cells in a tissue are susceptible to lysis by the cytotoxic proteins of armed effector CD8 T cells, but only infected cells are killed.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cytotoxic T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells and antiviral macrophages can recognize and kill virus-infected cells. Helper T cells can recognize virus-infected cells and produce a number of important cytokines.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cytotoxic T Cells CTLs are cytotoxic against tumor cells and host cells infected with intracellular pathogens (Fig. 4-7). These cells (1) express the CD8 coreceptor and (2) destroy infected cells in an antigen-specific manner that depends on the expression of MHC class I molecules on APCs.

Detailed explanation-4: -Killer T-cells are able to find the cells with viruses and destroy them. Antigens work like identification tags that give your immune system information about your cells and any intruders.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) are famous for their ability to kill tumor, allogeneic and virus-infected cells. However, an emerging literature has now demonstrated that CTL also possess the ability to directly recognize and kill bacteria, parasites, and fungi.

Detailed explanation-6: -Cytotoxic T-cells kill cells infected with viruses and bacteria, and they also destroy tumor cells. Helper T-cells: Helper T-cells are also called CD4+ cells because they have a CD4 receptor on their membranes.

Detailed explanation-7: -Cytotoxic cells are involved in the direct killing of intracellular pathogens, and the elimination of mutated and cancerous cells. These immune responses are generated by T cells when they recognize an antigen, which is presented to them by antigen-presenting cells.