MANAGEMENT

Detailed explanation-1: -This makes the hierarchical structure a centralized organizational structure.

Detailed explanation-2: -The four types of organizational structures are functional, multi-divisional, flat, and matrix structures. Others include circular, team-based, and network structures.

Detailed explanation-3: -Management centralization: This is the most common type of centralization. Management centralization is when one person or one department makes all decisions for an entire organization. Geographic centralization: This type of centralization is often seen in larger companies that have locations in various areas.

Detailed explanation-4: -In a centralized organization, the decision-making powers are retained in the head office, and all other offices receive commands from the main office. The executives and specialists who make critical decisions are based in the head office.

Detailed explanation-5: -Centralized Organizations Apple is an example of a business with a centralized management structure. Within Apple, much of the decision-making responsibility lies with the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Tim Cook, who assumed the leadership role within Apple following the death of Steve Jobs.