MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Parathyroid hormone decreases phosphate reabsorption at the proximal convoluted tubule. Phosphate ions in the serum form salts with calcium that are insoluble, resulting in decreased plasma calcium. The reduction of phosphate ions, therefore, results in more ionized calcium in the blood.

Detailed explanation-2: -This hormone raises calcium levels by releasing calcium from your bones, increasing the amount of calcium absorbed from your small intestine and decreasing the amount of calcium lost in urine. When blood-calcium levels are too high, the parathyroid glands produce less parathyroid hormone.

Detailed explanation-3: -It causes resortion/demineralisation of the bone which results in movement of calcium from bones to blood. It also stimulates the reabsorption of calcium ions by the renal tubules and increases the calcium absorption from the digested food.

Detailed explanation-4: -Although the parathyroid glands are intimately related to the thyroid gland anatomically, they have no related function. The thyroid gland regulates the body’s metabolism and has no effect on calcium levels while parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels and have no effect on metabolism.