MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Following the fracture, secondary healing begins, which consists of four steps: Hematoma formation. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation. Bony callus formation.

Detailed explanation-2: -In the weeks that follow, the fibrocartilaginous callus is replaced by a bony callus known as cancellous bone. This process is facilitated by endochondral ossification. The remaining cartilaginous callus is reabsorbed in the surrounding tissues and begins to calcify. Newly formed blood vessels proliferate.

Detailed explanation-3: -A fibrocartilage callus is a temporary formation of fibroblasts and chondroblasts which forms at the area of a bone fracture as the bone attempts to heal itself. The cells eventually dissipate and become dormant, lying in the resulting extracellular matrix that is the new bone.

Detailed explanation-4: -Fractures heal by forming callus, which follows three overlapping phases: inflammatory, reparative and remodelling.

Detailed explanation-5: -ACTIVATION, RESORPTION, REVERSAL, FORMATION, and QUIESCENCE. The total process takes about 4 to 8 months, and occurs continually throughout our lives.