PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In the inflammation phase, in addition to being antimicrobial, ROS enhance the recruitment and function of leukocytes. In the proliferation phase, low concentrations of ROS have been shown to induce proliferation and migration of epithelial cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -HIF-1 plays a major role in wound healing through its role as the main regulator of oxygen homeostasis. HIF-1 is a transcription factor that is stabilized during hypoxia to induce the expression of hundreds of downstream target genes, many of which have important roles in the wound healing process.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the proliferation stage, your body creates scar tissue to repair your injury. This phase of healing starts within 24 – 48 hours, peaks at around 2 – 3 weeks after your injury and stops after around 4 – 6 months. This is the reason why you will still be experiencing symptoms a couple of weeks after your injury.

Detailed explanation-4: -In summary, the proper oxygen level is crucial for optimum wound healing. Hypoxia stimulates wound healing such as the release of growth factors and angiogenesis, while oxygen is needed to sustain the healing process (Bishop, 2008).