BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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encouraging workers’ participation in goal setting
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making goals public
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getting top management’s support
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assigning realistic and attainable goals
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management by mentoring
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Detailed explanation-1: -Three common approaches are; the top-down approach, the bottom-up approach, and the interactive approach. In the top-down approach, goal setting begins at the top of the organization. Management by objectives (MBO) is a commonly-used top-down approach.
Detailed explanation-2: -What is traditional goal setting? Traditional goal setting is an approach to setting goals in which goals are set at the top of the organization and then broken into subgoals for each organizational level.
Detailed explanation-3: -In this study, goal-setting participation refers to the extent to which managers participate in setting their performance goals, both financial (budget) and non-financial goals. Goal commitment refers to “attachment to or determination to reach a goal” (Locke & Latham, 1990, p.