IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Significance of humoral and cell-mediated immune response Certain effector T-cells can kill virus-infected cells via cell-to-cell contact, providing an important mechanism of killing the host’s cells, which serve as offspring virus generation sites.

Detailed explanation-2: -The effectors of humoral immunity are antibodies. Antibodies prevent the entry of viruses and bacteria into host cells, they directly neutralize pathogens and toxins, and they promote the uptake of extracellular pathogens by phagocytes (opsonization).