HYPERSENSITIVITY
CLASSICAL ALTERNATE AND LECTIN PATHWAYS
|
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
|
|
|
mast cell granule release of histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins
|
|
|
cytokines released from mast cells increase expression of chemokines and CAMs on endothelium facilitating influx of neutrophils, eosinophils, and TH2 cells. Eosinophils play a large role in recruiting neutrophils and degranulation
|
|
|
Either A or B
|
|
|
None of the above
|
Detailed explanation-1: -Upon stimulation, mast cells release cytokines, including TNF- and IL-4 that can modulate adhesion molecules on endothelial cells.
Detailed explanation-2: -Mast cell secretory granules contain preformed mediators that are rapidly (within seconds to minutes) released into the extracellular environment upon cell stimulation. These mediators include histamine, neutral proteases, proteoglycans, and some cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).
Detailed explanation-3: -In the late-phase response the tissues in which mast cells have already released their chemicals may become inflamed, tender, red, and swollen. Subsequently other inflammatory cells including eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes migrate to the site of mast cell activation.