IMMUNE RESPONSE
CLASSICAL ALTERNATE AND LECTIN PATHWAYS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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What is a class of bacterial toxins and viral proteins that can non-specifically bind the MHC-II molecule of an APC with the TCR of a T-cell in a tight adhesion of the two cells, thus leading to massive T-cell activation and the release of large amounts of cytokines?
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Superantigen
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Supertoxin
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Superantibody
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Superbug
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Explanation:
Detailed explanation-1: -Examples of superantigens include toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (SPE), Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE), and enterotoxogenic E. coli (ETEC) enterotoxin.
Detailed explanation-2: -To induce acute toxic shock, superantigen toxins must bind directly into the homodimer interface of costimulatory receptors CD28 and B7-2, triggering thereby receptor engagement. Short receptor mimetic peptides block binding of superantigen to these receptors and protect from lethal shock.
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