IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In the case of B cells, once a helper T cell has been activated by an antigen, it becomes capable of activating a B cell that has already encountered the same antigen. Cytokines secreted by helper T cells can also interact with B cells and provide additional stimulation.

Detailed explanation-2: -B cells can receive help from armed helper T cells when antigen bound by surface immunoglobulin is internalized and returned to the cell surface as peptides bound to MHC class II molecules. Armed helper T cells that recognize the peptide:MHC complex then deliver activating signals to the B cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -MHC class II molecules sense when there’s an infection or foreign substance in your body. The CD4 receptor and MHC class II molecules activate the helper T-cells. The helper T-cells release molecules called cytokines. Cytokines send messages to other immune cells to start an immune response.

Detailed explanation-4: -In cytokine production, naïve T cells produce multiple cytokines upon activation while naïve activated B cells do not. B cells are capable of producing cytokines, but their cytokine production depends on their differentiation state and activation conditions.