IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Streptozyme test, normally used to measure different streptococcal antibodies, is positive in patients with pharyngitis or streptococcal infections. Should confirmation of prior infection with group A Streptococcus be required for clinical decision-making, please contact us for a pathologist consultation.

Detailed explanation-2: -This chapter reviews those virulence factors that are secreted and released from the streptococcus, including: streptokinase, proteinases, esterase, the hemolysins SLO and SLS, CAMP factor, DNases, hyaluronidases, complement inhibitor, superoxide dismutase, and immunoglobulin degrading enzymes.

Detailed explanation-3: -The bacitracin test, along with the Lancefield antigen A test, is used for greater specificity in the identification of S. pyogenes, since other -hemolytic strains of streptococci that may contain the group A antigen are resistant to bacitracin. The bacitracin test is also used to distinguish S.