IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In B cells, the function of IgD is to signal the B cells to be activated. By being activated, B cells are ready to take part in the defense of the body as part of the immune system. During B cell differentiation, IgM is the exclusive isotype expressed by immature B cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -IgM is the first class of immunoglobulin made by B cells as they mature, and it is the form most commonly present as the antigen receptor on the B-cell surface. When IgM is secreted from the cells, five of the basic Y-shaped units become joined together to make a large pentamer molecule with 10 antigen-binding sites.

Detailed explanation-3: -IgD receptors regulate peripheral B cell immunity and tolerance. IMMUNITY. Immature B cells expressing surface IgM but not IgD differentiate into transitional B cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -IgD. Immunoglobulin D (IgD) is primarily found on the surface of B lymphocytes where it functions as a receptor for antigen. IgD does not bind complement or cells through the Fc receptor. A small amount of IgD is secreted accounting for about 0.25 per cent of the total serum immunoglobulins (Vladutiu, 2000).

Detailed explanation-5: -Early studies show that IgD binds to both myeloid cells and T cells [7]. More recent observations show that IgD binds to basophils, mast cells and, albeit to a lesser extent, monocytes, neutrophils and myeloid dendritic cells through a receptor distinct from IgG, IgA or IgE receptors [22, 50–52].