IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that ensnares invaders in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a web-like structure of DNA and proteins, is one of the first lines of defense in the human immune response. Captured bacteria are then destroyed by amoeba-like white blood cells known as macrophages.

Detailed explanation-2: -A type called Staphylococcus aureus causes most infections. Staph bacteria can cause many different types of infections, including: Skin infections, which are the most common types of staph infections.

Detailed explanation-3: -Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), also called Lyell’s disease or toxic epidermal necrolysis, starts as a localized lesion, followed by widespread erythema and exfoliation of the skin. This disorder is caused by phage group II staphylococci which elaborate an epidermolytic toxin.

Detailed explanation-4: -Impetigo is a skin infection caused by bacteria. It is usually caused by staphylococcal (staph) bacteria, but it can also be caused by streptococcal (strep) bacteria.

Detailed explanation-5: -Wounds may be the source of bacteria causing cross-contamination, and are a risk factor for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection.

Detailed explanation-6: -Staphylococci are gram-positive bacteria, and their cell walls are composed of murein (32, 38, 41), teichoic acids (2), and wall-associated surface proteins (20, 26, 30). Stress-bearing murein represents a continuous macromolecular sacculus covering the whole cell.