IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -How do vaccines work? Vaccines help your immune system fight infections faster and more effectively. When you get a vaccine, it sparks your immune response, helping your body fight off and remember the germ so it can attack it if the germ ever invades again.

Detailed explanation-2: -After immunization, dendritic cells take up microbial antigens and traffic to draining lymph nodes where they present processed antigens to naïve T cells. These naïve T cells are stimulated to proliferate and differentiate into effector and memory T cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vaccines contain dead or weakened microbes of a particular disease. When a vaccine is introduced into a healthy body, the body fights and kills them by producing suitable antibodies. These antibodies remain in the body and protects it from the microbe when it invades the body again.

Detailed explanation-4: -Immunological memory is the ability of the immune system to respond with greater vigor upon re-encounter with the same pathogen and constitutes the basis for vaccination (Ahmed and Gray, 1996).

Detailed explanation-5: -Memory immune responses After the first encounter with a pathogen, our immune systems generate a small number of cells that remain for a long time, are specific for that pathogen, and circulate in the blood, spleen and lymph nodes to keep watch for another encounter.

Detailed explanation-6: -Finally, when people receive a vaccine, some may experience some mild symptoms for a day or two, such as a fever, chills, or fatigue. This does not mean that you’re infected with a virus or other pathogen. Rather, your body acts as if it’s fighting a mild form of the germ and produces a related immune response.