IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When these memory cells meet their specific antigen again, they rapidly proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells. These plasma cells then respond by producing abundant quantities of antibody to clear the antigen.

Detailed explanation-2: -During the secondary immune response, the immune system can eliminate the antigen, which has been encountered by the individual during the primary invasion, more rapidly and efficiently. Both T and B memory cells contribute to the secondary response.

Detailed explanation-3: -B cells may also be activated by binding foreign antigen in the periphery where they then move into the secondary lymphoid organs. A signal transduced by the binding of the peptide to the B cell causes the cells to migrate to the edge of the follicle bordering the T cell area.

Detailed explanation-4: -During the secondary immune response, these cells are involved in the reaction against foreign antigens, including pathogens, and take part in autoimmune diseases, but also are crucial to immunological tolerance and vaccine therapy.

Detailed explanation-5: -In a secondary response to the same antigen, memory cells are rapidly activated. This process is quicker and more effective than the primary response.

Detailed explanation-6: -However, if the host is re-exposed to the same pathogen type, circulating memory cells will immediately differentiate into plasma cells and TC cells without input from APCs or TH cells. This is known as the secondary immune response.

Detailed explanation-7: -T lymphocytes They use chemical messengers to activate other immune system cells in order to start the adaptive immune system (T helper cells). They detect cells infected by viruses or tumorous cells and destroy them (cytotoxic T cells). Some T helper cells become memory T cells after the infection has been defeated.