IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Viruses are non-cellular, microscopic infectious agents that can only replicate inside a host cell. From a biological perspective, viruses cannot be classified either a living organism or non-living. A virus can be an infectious agent which only replicates within a host organism.

Detailed explanation-2: -A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.

Detailed explanation-3: -A virus cannot replicate alone; instead, it must infect cells and use components of the host cell to make copies of itself. Often, a virus ends up killing the host cell in the process, causing damage to the host organism. Well-known examples of viruses causing human disease include AIDS, COVID-19, measles and smallpox.

Detailed explanation-4: -Viruses cannot replicate on their own, but rather depend on their host cell’s protein synthesis pathways to reproduce. This typically occurs by the virus inserting its genetic material in host cells, co-opting the proteins to create viral replicates, until the cell bursts from the high volume of new viral particles.

Detailed explanation-5: -Viruses are considered as non-cellular organisms as they don’t perform cellular functions like metabolism, growth when present outside the body. As soon as they infect the host cell they start to reproduce.

Detailed explanation-6: -Viruses, virions, and viroids are all examples of non-cellular life. Viruses are parasites that infect plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria. They consist of genetic material and a protective protein coat. Viruses are dormant without a host.