IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Memory T and B cells remain, however, and maintain a heightened ability to mount a response to a recurrence of infection with the same pathogen. The antibody and memory T cells remaining in an immunized individual also prevent the activation of naive B and T cells by the same antigen.

Detailed explanation-2: -T cells can wipe out infected or cancerous cells. They also direct the immune response by helping B lymphocytes to eliminate invading pathogens. B cells create antibodies. B lymphocytes, also called B cells, create a type of protein called an antibody.

Detailed explanation-3: -Memory B cells reside in the dermis and can be reactivated locally by antigen. DCs, dendritic cells; ILCs, innate lymphoid cells; iNKT, invariant natural killer T. Both B2 and B1 B cells are found in skin, with the B2 population more prevalent than the B1 cells (42).

Detailed explanation-4: -After the T and B lymphocytes have matured in the thymus and bone marrow, they then travel to the lymph nodes and spleen where they remain until the immune system is activated. Lymph nodes are located throughout the body.

Detailed explanation-5: -In immunology, a memory B cell (MBC) is a type of B lymphocyte that forms part of the adaptive immune system. These cells develop within germinal centers of the secondary lymphoid organs. Memory B cells circulate in the blood stream in a quiescent state, sometimes for decades.

Detailed explanation-6: -Three remarkable and unique features of the immune system are specificity, diversity, and memory. Immunological memory involves both T and B cells and results in a secondary antibody response that is faster, of higher affinity, and results in the secretion of non-IgM isotypes of Ig.