IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -So, the correct option is ‘Antibodies’.

Detailed explanation-2: -Inflammation can be recognized clinically by 5 cardinal signs: rubor (redness), calor (warmth), tumor (swelling), dolor (pain), and functio laesa (loss of function). These clinical signs can be explained by the biochemical and cellular processes activated during the inflammatory response.

Detailed explanation-3: -Clinically, acute inflammation is characterized by 5 cardinal signs: rubor (redness), calor (increased heat), tumor (swelling), dolor (pain), and functio laesa (loss of function) (Figure 3-1). The first four were described by Celsus (ca 30 bc–38 ad); the fifth was a later addition by Virchow in the nineteenth century.

Detailed explanation-4: -Therefore antibodies are not a part of inflammatory response as they are involved in humoral immunity.

Detailed explanation-5: -The five cardinal signs of inflammation are erythema, edema, heat, pain, and altered function. These largely result from innate responses that draw increased blood flow to the injured or infected tissue. Fever is a system-wide sign of inflammation that raises the body temperature and stimulates the immune response.

Detailed explanation-6: -Cardinal. Cardinal signs and symptoms are those that may be diagnostic, and pathognomonic – of a certainty of diagnosis. Inflammation for example has a recognised group of cardinal signs and symptoms, as does exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and Parkinson’s disease.

Detailed explanation-7: -Redness. Heat. Swelling. Pain. Loss of function. 23-Nov-2010