IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In the lytic cycle, the phage replicates and lyses the host cell. The third stage of infection is biosynthesis of new viral components. After entering the host cell, the virus synthesizes virus-encoded endonucleases to degrade the bacterial chromosome.

Detailed explanation-2: -Assembly: After de novo synthesis of viral genome and proteins, which can be post-transrciptionally modified, viral proteins are packaged with newly replicated viral genome into new virions that are ready for release from the host cell. This process can also be referred to as maturation.

Detailed explanation-3: -Step 2: Penetration In the case of bacteriophages that adsorb to the bacterial cell wall, a bacteriophage enzyme “drills” a hole in the bacterial wall and the bacteriophage injects its genome into the bacterial cytoplasm (Figure 10.7A. 2).

Detailed explanation-4: -Replication (lytic cycle): The virus takes over the cell’s metabolism, causing the creation of new proteins and nucleic acids by the host cell’s organelles.

Detailed explanation-5: -In conjunction with FV3 transcription, viral protein synthesis occurs in three phases. First, IE proteins are synthesized at the beginning of infection, then DE proteins after 2 h postinfection, and L proteins by 3–4 h postinfection.

Detailed explanation-6: -Virion assembly In this stage, newly synthesized genome (nucleic acid), and proteins are assembled to form new virus particles. This may take place in the cell’s nucleus, cytoplasm, or at plasma membrane for most developed viruses.

Detailed explanation-7: -1) Attachment: In this step, the bacteriophage, attaches itself by it’s tail to the. 2) Digestion: In this step, the bacteriophage contains an enzyme called. 3) Injection: 4) Taking Control: 5) Multiplication: 6) Rupturing: 10-Feb-2018