DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH PROPOSAL
DEVELOPMENT OF HYPOTHESES AND APPLICATIONS
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 Question 
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 which hypotheses can we uses as our alternative hypotheses 
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  null hypothesis 
 
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  alternative hypothesis 
 
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  directional hypothesis 
 
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  non-directional hypothesis 
 
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  experimental hypothesis 
 
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 Explanation: 
Detailed explanation-1: -A non-directional hypothesis does not predict the exact direction or nature of the relationship between the two variables. A researcher would utilize this kind of hypothesis if it is not based on theory or when the new research findings contradict the previous research.
Detailed explanation-2: -A non-directional research hypothesis in symbols should look like this: ˉX≠ (The mean of the sample is not equal to the mean of the population).
Detailed explanation-3: -For example, a researcher might hypothesize that college students will perform differently from elementary school students on a memory task without predicting which group of students will perform better.
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